In a shell and tube chiller, what fluid flows through the tubes in a flooded system?

In a shell and tube chiller, especially in a flooded system configuration, the fluid that flows through the tubes is typically the ammonia refrigerant. This design allows the refrigerant to flow directly through the tubes, maximizing its heat exchange efficiency with the water or brine that typically circulates in the shell surrounding the tubes.

In a flooded system, the ammonia is maintained in a liquid state, which is critical for the effective transfer of thermal energy during the refrigeration cycle. The tubes are fully flooded with the refrigerant, ensuring that there is a continuous contact surface for heat transfer as the refrigerant absorbs heat from the water or brine. This process aids in achieving optimal cooling performance and efficient operation of the chiller.

Understanding the role of ammonia refrigerant in this context helps elucidate why it is essential for the functioning of a shell and tube chiller and how its properties contribute to effective refrigerating processes.